Ukrainian Biggest Cities.

Ukrainian Biggest Cities

Read the text “ Kyiv” and fill in the missing sentences (A-E). There is one extra sentence which you don’t need to use.

Kyiv

Kyiv is one of the biggest cities in Europe. The name Kyiv derives from the name of Kiy, one of four legendary founders of the city. 1) … This city with population of over 3 million people is located on the shores of the Dnieper River.

2) ... One half of its territory is occupied by parks and gardens.

Kyiv is a city of invaluable historical and cultural monuments, a city of great events and outstanding people. Everyone will find there something especially interesting for himself.

3) … Many famous artists, poets and writers estimated the unique beauty of this city. The most renowned landmarks include: Cathedral of St. Sophia with outstanding mosaics and frescoes dating back to the 11th century; Kyiv Pechersk Lavra featuring several monasteries and cathedrals; Golden Gate of Kyiv, which date back to 1037; and many other attractions.

Kyiv is distinguished for its rich cultural life. Theater lovers will find many theatres offering various theatrical programs. The Kyiv Opera House presents very good opera as well as a broad repertoire of ballets. Ivan Franko Theater is a center of Ukrainian drama, comedy, and musicals. A lot of various exhibitions are carried out in the city's numerous museums and art galleries.

Kyiv is also a scientific and educational center of Ukraine. Various universities and science academies including famous Kyiv-Mogilyanskaya Academy, which is one of the first scientific establishments in Eastern Europe, are located there.

Being the largest city of Ukraine, Kyiv is a leading industrial and commercial center of the country. 4) … The development of Ukrainian economy gave impulse to business activity of the city. There are a lot of new office centers, banks, trade exhibition centers and other commercial enterprises appearing in the city nowadays.

A  The art and architecture of the city are considered world treasures.

B It is a bustling capital of independent Ukraine, its administrative, economic, scientific, cultural and educational center.

C Kyiv is known as the greenest city.

D The city was located on the crossroads of trade routes that led to its rapid economic development.

E Kyiv's major industries include: food processing, manufacture of building materials, chemicals, and textiles.

Lviv

Lviv is a major industrial and cultural center on the Western region of Ukraine.
Lviv was founded as a fort in the mid-13th century by Prince Danylo Halitski, and named after his son Lev (Leo), which means lion. Hence, the lion is the historic symbol of the city. Lviv was located on the crossroads of trade routes that led to its rapid economic development.

Lviv is an outstanding example of the fusion of the architectural and artistic traditions of Eastern Europe with those of Italy and Germany. Lviv is steeped in history. Its historic churches, buildings and relics date from the 13th century. It is famous for its ancient cathedrals, museums, art galleries, and theatres. The central part of Lviv is included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage.

Lviv Picture Gallery has one of the largest collections of European paintings in the country, with over 1000 paintings on display, and 5 000 in storage.

Lviv is also an important education centre of Ukraine. It is home to three major universities and a number of smaller schools of higher education. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv is one of the oldest in Central Europe. It was founded as a Jesuit school in 1608.

Lviv astonishes with diversity of entertainments. One of the interesting peculiarities of Lviv is paying much attention to drink­ing coffee. According to it, every 'true' resident of Lviv should have at least a cup оf this aromatic drink a day.

A sightseeing tour to Lviv will make you sure that it is really cultural capital of Ukraine. Lviv is very special and beautiful city and enjoyable to visit.

Odessa

The City of Odessa is often referred to as ‘The Pearl of the Black Sea’. Odessa is a beautiful city on the Black Sea coast. It is the 3rd largest city in Ukraine, the most important city for trade and the 2nd most popular city for tourism in Ukraine. In contrast to other cities of the former Soviet Union, Odessa is rich in Western European culture. Odessa is known throughout the world for its art and culture and has, what is considered to be, the second most beautiful and important opera house in the world.

The city has more local character than any other city in Ukraine. People of Odessa are very famous for their sharp wit and canny trading abilities.

Odessa is the most important port of Ukraine. With its beautiful harbor on the Black Sea, Odessa has become Ukraine's southern window to Europe.

In addition to the importance of the seaport, the city's industries include ship building, oil refining, chemicals, metal working and food processing. Odessa is also the home of a Ukrainian naval base and many fishing fleets.

Vinnytsia

Vinnytsia is a regional city situated upon the Southern Bug River. The population of the city is over 400 000.

The city is first mentioned in 1363 as a Lithuanian fortress of Vennytsia. The name of the city comes from 'veno' - a dowry. It is known from history that Podillia, where Vinnytsia is situated, was acquired by Princes Koriatovych. The Transcarpathian Prince Fedir Koriatovych was the governor-general of Podillia.

After the Union of Liublin of 1569 Vinnytsia became a Polish town. In 1793 it was united with Russia.

Vinnytsia is an important industrial centre of the Right-Bank Ukraine. The leading industries include machine-engineering, wood working and producing of building materials.

The city is one of the cultural and educational centres. Vinnytsia boasts of the Teachers Training Institute and the Medical and Polytechnic Institute, the Russian Drama Theatre, the Philharmonic Society and the House of Organ Music. The city boasts of the Literary Memorial Museum of M. M. Kotsiubynskyi and the museum-estate of M. Pyrohov.

The architectural image of Vinnytsia is represented by the wooden churches of Nicholas (1746) and Yurii (1726), by the complex of former monastery buildings of the 17^th century, the memorial complex of Glory and the monument to M. I. Pyrohov.

The city is the capital of the Vinnytsia Region established on February 27, 1932. The region includes 26 districts, 17 towns, 29 settlements and 1456 villages.

Exercises

1. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1) This city… population of over 3 million people is located … the shores of the Dnieper River.

2) Kyiv is distinguished … its rich cultural life.

3) The development of Ukrainian economy gave impulse … business activity of the city.

4) Lviv was founded … a fort in the mid-13th century … Prince Danylo Halitski, and named … his son Lev (Leo), which means lion.

5) Lviv was located … the crossroads of trade routes that led … its rapid economic development.

6) It is home … three major universities and a number … smaller schools of higher education. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv is one of the oldest … Central Europe.

7) The City of Odessa is often referred … as ‘The Pearl of the Black Sea’.

8) It is the 3rd largest city in Ukraine, the most important city … trade and the 2nd most popular city … tourism in Ukraine. In contrast … other cities of the former Soviet Union, Odessa is rich … Western European culture.

            9) Vinnytsia is a regional city situated … the Southern Bug River. The population of the city is … 400 000.

            10) It is known from history that Podillia, where Vinnytsia is situated, was acquired… Princes Koriatovych.

11) Vinnytsia boasts … the Teachers Training Institute and the Medical and Polytechnic Institute, the Russian Drama Theatre, the Philharmonic Society and the House of Organ Music.

           12) The architectural image … Vinnytsia is represented … the wooden churches … Nicholas (1746) and Yurii (1726), by the complex of former monastery buildings of the 17^th century, the memorial complex of Glory and the monument … M. I. Pyrohov.

Grammar

Ex.1 For each sentence, choose the best word or phrase to complete the gap from the choices below.

1. When we arrived in London it was sunny but all the streets were wet so it _________________ raining.

2. First we ____ to the supermarket to buy the food and then we went to the off license to buy the beer for the party.

3. When we __________ for six hours we were very tired and we decided to stop for a rest.

4. When I arrived at the party, dinner had already started and everybody __________ .

5. When all the guests ________ home after the party we discovered that somebody had broken the toilet seat.

6. While I ___________ along the street yesterday morning, I met somebody who I had been at school with twenty years ago.

7. When I looked in the cupboard I saw that I ___________ anymore coffee because I had drunk it all.

8. When Dilea arrived for her morning class, the classroom was empty because all the students ____________ in the computer room.

9. At ten to nine on Friday morning, I was running as fast as possible to school because my alarm clock ___________ off.

10. Last night, the children were very scared. I think one of them ___ a ghost.

11. When Samuel returned to Switzerland he was very fit. During his time in England he ________________ ten miles every day.

12. When I went to Australia, I ______________ a kangaroo before.

1.	A. probably	B. probably was	C.had probably been	D.probably have been
2.	A.went	B. were going	C.gone	D.had gone
3.	A. were walking	B.had walked	C.had walking	D.walked
4.	A.ate	B.was eating	C.was eaten	D.has eaten
5.	A.went	B.gone	C.have gone	D.had gone
6.	A. walked	B.was walking	C.had walked	D.had been walking
7.	A.didn’t have	B.wasn’t having	C.hadn’t had	D.hadn’t been having
8.	A.worked	B.had worked	C. were working	D.had been working
9.	A.didn’t go	B.wasn’t going	C.hadn’t been going	D.hadn’t gone
10.	A.saw	B.had seen	C.was seeing	D.seen
11.	A.walked	B.was walking	C.had walked	D.had been walking
12.	A.didn’t ever see	B.wasn’t seeing	C.had never seen	D.hadn’t been seeing

Ex. 2

You have to fill each space either with the past continuous, past perfect simple or past perfect continuous (progressive).

1. I was exhausted at the end of the exam. I ______ (write) for over two hours.

2. When thieves stole my favourite leather jacket, I was really upset. I ________ (have) it for over ten years.

3. Please step out of the car, Mr. Jones. Do you realize you _______ (drive) at over 90mph?

4. We didn't really want to go and see the musical again. We _________ (already see) it twice - so we said "no" and we went to a restaurant instead!

5. I arrived over an hour late to the office and everyone was working. Actually, they ________ (work) for over two hours on the new project and I felt really guilty.

6. The kitchen was full of steam when we arrived. Joan was in the kitchen and she _______ (cook) a huge meal for everyone at the party.

7. It was a bit embarrassing to arrive at their house and find Mary looking so sad. I think she ________ (cry) before we got there.

8. No-one even noticed when I got home. They _______ (all watch) the big game on TV.